Updated: Nov 2, 2023 by Marc Matsumoto · 70 Comments

Thai Basil Chicken (Pad Kraprow Gai)

Spicy, with a mouthwatering balance of savory and sweet, Thai Basil Chicken is a quick stir-fry that will fill your kitchen with the hunger-inducing aromas of caramelized garlic and holy basil. Piled high on a plate of jasmine rice with a fried egg on top, and you have yourself a plate of perfection.

Recipe Video Pin

Spicy, with a mouthwatering balance of savory and sweet, this Thai Basil Chicken is a quick stir-fry that will fill your kitchen with the hunger-inducing aromas of garlic and holy basil.

What is Pad Kraprow Gai

Pad Kraprow Gai (ผัดกระเพราไก่) literally translates to Fried Holy Basil Chicken and is a Thai street food dish that also happens to be one of my favorite dishes of all time. While there are countless reasons to love this dish, perhaps the most compelling is its incredibly good effort to taste ratio. Ten minutes is all it takes to pull this dish off, and for your pittance of effort, you'll be rewarded with a soul-satisfyingly delicious meal that's cheap to boot.

Ingredients for Thai Basil Chicken

The Basil

As the name implies, one of the primary components of this dish is basil. Holy Basil can be difficult to find outside of South East Asia, so many Thai restaurants in the US use Thai Basil (Ocimum basilicum var. Thyrsiflora), which is known as Horapha in Thailand. I've even seen some that use ordinary Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum var. Genovese). While these make for interesting takes on the original, it's misleading to call these dishes Pad Kraprow Gai, as "Kraprow" is the Thai word for Holy Basil.

Holy Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum), is a member of an entirely different species of basil and has a distinct aroma with hints of cinnamon, cloves, and menthol. This gives it a flavor that's closer to perilla or mint than most other varieties of basil which tend to have anise and licorice notes. It lends a beautiful freshness to the dish, contrasting the spicy chilies, pungent garlic, and savory-sweet chicken.

If you're lucky enough to live near a Thai grocery store, you should be able to find it there (I've seen it in stores in New York and California). Otherwise, if you end up using Thai Basil, just call the dish Pad Horapha Gai, and you're all good.

The Chicken

I like to use skin-on chicken thighs for making this dish, but skin-on breasts will work too. Since breast meat cooks much faster and gets unpleasantly dry when overcooked, you'll want to add the sauce a bit earlier if you go with white meat. If you're not a big fan of chicken skin, don't worry, it's going to get used, but not in the way you think. Keep reading for the details.

The Chili Peppers

I went to my local Thai market to pick us some Holy Basil, and they had a selection of a few chili peppers. I picked up some Prik Jinda and Prik Kee Noo Suan. Prik Jinda is a larger chili pepper about the length of my hand, and it comes in a variety of colors depending on how ripe it was when it was picked. It's fairly spicy, but not as spicy as Bird's Eye Chilies (which rate 50k to 100k on the Scoville scale). I'd say they're on par with Serrano Chilies in terms of spiciness.

Prik Kee Noo Suan literally means "mouse dropping chilies," presumably due to their shape and size. Despite their compact form factor, these suckers pack a punch. I popped one in my mouth, and as soon as I bit down, my nostrils started to burn, and my eyes started to water. They're spicier than Bird's Eye Chilies, and my guess is that they're up around Habaneros in the heat index.

While I could have used a small amount of the Prik Kee Noo Suan, I decided to use a whole ripe Prik Jinda chili because I wanted the right balance between chili pepper flavor and heat. If you can't find these chilies near you, you can use any pepper that fits within your tolerance for heat.

Basil Chicken or Pad Kraprow Gai is one of those easy, rewarding meals that come together in minutes, and yet it's brimming with flavor.

The Seasonings

Basil chicken is typically seasoned with a combination of Thai dark soy sauce and oyster sauce. It should be noted that Thai dark soy sauce is quite different from Japanese or Korean dark soy sauce. It's thick, syrupy and almost black in color, with molasses and caramel notes (though it's not sweet). If you can't find it, Indonesian Kecap Manis will work as well, but you'll want to skip the sugar as it's already quite sweet.

As for the oyster sauce, this adds a wallop of umami to the dish, and in a pinch, you can substitute it for the dark soy sauce as well, leaving out the sugar. Unfortunately, many oyster sauces I see are loaded with MSG and have little to no actual oysters in them, so be sure to read the ingredient label before buying one. I'm particularly fond of the Thai brand Megachef. Despite the corny name, their products, including their fish sauce is very good, and free of unnecessary additives.

The Oil

A high smoke point vegetable oil will work fine for this stir-fry, but I'm always looking for ways to reduce waste in the kitchen. That's one of the reasons why I like to render the fat out of the chicken skin, and use that to fry the Basil Chicken. But this isn't the main reason you should be doing this. Chicken fat (a.k.a. schmaltz) is the butter of the poultry world, and it's loaded with flavor! Best of all, for those of you that don't like the texture of chicken skin, by rendering the fat out, it ends up disappearing into the stir-fry leaving nothing behind but flavor.

The Egg

Although Thai basil chicken is abundantly tasty on its own, the fried egg on top is what elevates this dish to an entirely new plane. The egg is shallow-fried, giving it a crisp golden brown crust on the bottom, while the molten yolk remains soft and creamy, adding a velvety richness to this humble weeknight meal.

For some reason, many Thai restaurants in the US don't top their basil chicken with an egg, so I was introduced to this concept at a night market on my first trip to Thailand. Now that I know how good this is, I can't go back. One word of caution, when you add the egg to the pan, you're essentially dumping a liquid into hot oil, and it's going to splatter and make scary noises, so please be careful.

Basil Chicken or Pad Kraprow Gai is a classic Thai street food that can be thrown together at home in a matter of minutes. With spicy, garlic infused chicken and basil on Jasmine rice, the dish is topped off with a Thai-style fried egg.

How to Make Thai Basil Chicken

This dish is not complicated to prepare, but like most stir-fries, the cooking happens rapidly. That's why it's super important to have all your ingredients prepped and ready to go into the pan when needed. Once all your measuring, stirring and chopping are done, you start by rendering out the fat from the skin.

When the skin is crisp, you should have a good amount of fat in the pan that you can use to saute the garlic and chilies. The minced chicken goes into this and gets stir-fried. When the chicken is almost cooked through, the sauce goes in and gets tossed until it turns into a thick glaze that coats everything in a shiny lacquer. Finally, a fistful of holy basil gets tossed in until it's just covered with the sauce. It's okay if it still looks a bit raw as the residual heat will finish cooking the delicate herb on the way to the table.

Timing the egg and the chicken so that they finish simultaneously is a bit tricky, so if you're worried about juggling two pans at the same time, you can make the egg before the chicken and set it on a plate while you prepare the chicken.

Other Thai Dishes

📖 Recipe